Chapter 9: Emergencies & Legal Responsibilities

Even the most careful driver can face an unexpected vehicle malfunction or be involved in a collision. Knowing how to react in these high-stress situations is a critical component of driver safety and legal responsibility. This chapter covers the correct procedures for handling emergencies and fulfilling your duties after a crash or during a traffic stop, knowledge that is vital for the driver’s test and for navigating the real-world challenges of driving.

Vehicle Malfunctions

A sudden mechanical failure can be frightening, but a calm, practiced response can prevent a dangerous situation from becoming a catastrophe. The key is to maintain control of the vehicle and move to a safe location.

Tire Blowout

A blowout is a rapid loss of tire pressure. The vehicle will pull sharply in the direction of the failed tire.

1. Grip the Steering Wheel Firmly: Do not slam on the brakes. Hold the wheel with two hands to counteract the pull and keep the vehicle moving straight.
2. Do Not Brake Hard: Let the vehicle slow down gradually by easing your foot off the accelerator. Hard braking can cause a loss of control.
3. Find a Safe Place to Pull Over: Signal and steer the vehicle off the roadway to a safe, level spot, well away from traffic.
4. Activate Hazard Lights: Turn on your emergency flashers to warn other drivers.

Brake Failure

If the brake pedal suddenly goes to the floor with no resistance:

1. Pump the Brake Pedal: Rapidly pump the brakes several times. This may build up enough hydraulic pressure to activate the brakes.
2. Use the Parking Brake: If pumping does not work, slowly and steadily apply the parking brake. Be prepared to release it if the rear wheels lock and the vehicle begins to skid.
3. Shift to a Lower Gear: Shifting to a lower gear will use the engine’s compression to help slow the vehicle.
4. Find a Safe Exit: Look for an escape route, such as an open field or a runaway truck ramp, to safely stop the vehicle.