Chapter 12: Towing a Trailer

Towing a trailer significantly changes a vehicle’s handling, stability, and performance, requiring a unique set of skills and safety precautions. Understanding the principles of proper loading, required equipment, and adjusted driving techniques is essential for preventing dangerous situations like trailer sway or an inability to stop in time. This knowledge is critical not only for the safety of the driver and their cargo but for the safety of everyone else on the road.

Equipment and Loading

Before towing, a driver must ensure the vehicle and trailer are properly equipped and the cargo is loaded correctly. Failure to do so can lead to mechanical failure or a dangerous loss of control.

Required Equipment

• Hitch: The hitch must be appropriate for the weight of the trailer and securely attached to the tow vehicle. The trailer coupler must be properly fastened to the hitch ball.
• Safety Chains: Two strong safety chains or cables are required by law. They must be crisscrossed under the trailer tongue and attached to the tow vehicle. Crisscrossing the chains creates a “cradle” that can catch the trailer tongue if it disconnects from the hitch, preventing it from digging into the pavement.
• Lights: The trailer must have a functioning electrical connection to the tow vehicle to operate its taillights, brake lights, and turn signals. These lights must work in sync with the tow vehicle’s lights.
• Brakes: In Vermont, a trailer must be equipped with its own braking system if its gross weight is 3,000 lbs or more. These brakes are typically activated by the tow vehicle’s brake system and are crucial for safe stopping.